NEMA 34 Size Motor Applications and Dimensions

NEMA 34 is a high torque hybrid bipolar stepping motor with a 3.4×3.4 inch faceplate. Hybrid stepper has the combination of the features of the Variable Reluctance Stepper Motor and Permanent Magnet Stepper Motor. This motor has a step angle of 1.8 deg., this means that it has 200 steps per revolution and for every step it will cover 1.8°.  This NEMA 34 is a 2-Phase motor with 4 wires. Compatible controllers for this motor are CW230, CW250 and CW860.


How to use NEMA 34 Stepper Motor
As mentioned above this stepper motor draws high current so instead of controlling it directly, use an appropriately powerful stepper motor drivers like cw230. Wiring diagram for NEMA 34 Stepper motor is given below:


As shown in wiring diagram there are four wires of different colours i.e. Red, Green, Yellow and Blue. These wires are connected to two different coils. Red and Green connected to one coil while Yellow and Blue are connected to other.

To rotate the motor coils are energized in a logical sequence. To rotate the motor in anticlockwise motion of the rotor the phases are energized in the following sequence +A, +B, -A, -B, +B, +A and for the clockwise rotation, the sequence is +A, -B, +B, +A……..



Stepper Motor Applications
CNC machines
Precise control machines
3D printer/prototyping machines (e.g. RepRap)
Laser cutters
Pick and place machines


NEMA 34 Stepper Motor Dimensions



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Stepper Motor Heating And Power Supply Voltage

There are two major causes of hybrid stepper motor heating: copper losses and iron losses. Copper losses are the easiest to understand; this is the heat generated by current passing through a resistance, as in the current passing through the motor’s winding resistance. Often this is referred to as “I2R” dissipation.

This cause of motor heating is at a maximum when the motor is stopped and rapidly diminishes as the motor speeds up since the inductive current is inversely proportional to speed.

Eddy current and hysteresis heating are collectively called iron losses. The former induces currents in the iron of the motor while the latter is caused by the re-alignment of the magnetic domains in the iron. You can think of this as “friction heating” as the magnetic dipoles in the iron switch back and forth. Either way, both cause the bulk heating of the motor. Iron losses are a function of AC current and therefore the power supply voltage.

As shown earlier, motor output power is proportional to power supply voltage, doubling the voltage doubles the output power. However, iron losses outpace motor power by increasing non-linearly with increasing power supply voltage. Eventually the point is reached where the iron losses are so great that the motor cannot dissipate the heat generated. In a way this is nature’s way of keeping someone from getting 500HP from a NEMA 23 motor by using a 10kV power supply.

At this point it is important to introduce the concept of overdrive ration. This is the ration between the power supply voltage and the motor’s rated voltage. An empirically derived maximum is 25:1, meaning the power supply voltage should never exceed 25 times the motor’s rated voltage or 32 times the square root of motor inductance.

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