Stepper motors are increasingly taking its position in the world of the electronics. Starting from a normal Surveillance camera to a complicated CNC machines/Robot these Stepper Motors are used everywhere as actuators since they provide accurate controlling. In this tutorial we will learn about the most commonly/cheaply available stepper motor 28-BYJ48 and how to interface it with Arduino using ULN2003 stepper module.
Stepper Motors:
Let us take a look at this 28-BYJ48 Stepper motor.
Okay, so unlike a normal
DC motor this one has five wires of all fancy colors coming out of it
and why is it so? To understand this we should first know how a stepper
works and what its specialty is. First of all steppers motors do not rotate, they step and so they also known as step motors.
Meaning, they will move only one step at a time. These motors have a
sequence of coils present in them and these coils have to be energized
in a particular fashion to make the motor rotate. When each coil is
being energized the motor takes a step and a sequence of energization
will make the motor take continuous steps, thus making it to rotate. Let
us take a look at the coils present inside the motor to know exactly
know from where these wires come from.
As you can see the motor
has Unipolar step motor 5-lead coil arrangement. There are four coils which have
to be energized in a particular sequence. The Red wires will be supplied
with +5V and the remaining four wires will be pulled to ground for
triggering the respective coil. We use a microcontroller like Arduino
energize these coils in a particular sequence and make the motor perform
the required number of steps.
So now, why is this motor called the 28-BYJ48?
Seriously!!! I don’t know. There is no technical reason for this motor
for being named so; maybe we should dive much deeper into it. Let us
look at some of the important technical data obtained from the datasheet
of this motor in the picture below.
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